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Thomas Edison: The Inventor Who Changed Everyday Life|Learn Japanese N4–N3

トーマス・エジソン ― 世界せかいらしをえた発明家はつめいか

Script

English translation

Introduction

トーマス・エジソン ― 世界せかいらしをえた発明家はつめいか

動画どうがはなし

In this video, we will talk about Thomas Edison.

電球でんきゅう蓄音ちくおんわたし生活せいかつおお技術ぎじゅつかか有名ゆうめい

Edison was a famous inventor involved in technologies that greatly changed our lives, including the light bulb and the phonograph.

生涯しょうがい1000けん以上いじょう

During his lifetime, he received more than one thousand patents in the United States alone.

最初さいしょ有名ゆうめい発明はつめい

However, he was not a famous inventor from the beginning.

ころ色々いろいろ自分じぶん勉強べんきょう成長せいちょう

From childhood, he was interested in many things and grew by studying on his own.

わか新聞しんぶんあと電信でんしん仕事しごと

As a young man, he sold newspapers on trains and later began working as a telegraph operator.

なん実験じっけんかえあたらつくつず

He continued creating new things through repeated experiments and failures.

今回こんかいかれ世界せかいてき発明はつめい人生じんせい

This time, let us look at his life and how he became a world-famous inventor.

Chapter 1

好奇心こうきしんつよ少年しょうねん

1847ねんしゅう

He was born in Ohio, United States, in 1847.

7さい家族かぞく一緒いっしょしゅう

When he was seven, he moved to Michigan with his family.

学校がっこうかよなが

He did not attend school for very long.

あと母親ははおや計算けいさんおし自分じぶんほん

After that, his mother taught him reading, writing, and arithmetic, and he read many books on his own.

とくほん

He especially liked books about science.

ほん自分じぶん興味きょうみ

He was interested not only in reading books but also in conducting experiments himself.

13さい鉄道てつどうなか新聞しんぶん菓子かし仕事しごとはじ

By the age of thirteen, he had begun selling newspapers and snacks on trains.

少年しょうねん自分じぶんはたらかねかせ

He was still a boy, but he worked and earned money by himself.

仕事しごと電信でんしん興味きょうみ

While working, he also became interested in the technology of telegraphy.

電信でんしん電気でんき使つかとうひと情報じょうほうおく

The telegraph is a system that uses electricity to send information to people far away.

電話でんわ時代じだい重要じゅうよう技術ぎじゅつ

In an era without telephones or the internet, it was a very important technology.

16さい使つか仕事しごと技術ぎじゅつ

By the age of sixteen, he had developed enough skill to work as a telegraph operator.

経験けいけんのち発明はつめい

This experience would later lead to his inventions.

Chapter 2

発明家はつめいかへのみち

わか電信でんしん仕事しごとまちはたら

As a young man, Edison worked in various towns while working as a telegraph operator.

機械きかい使つか

However, he did more than simply operate machines.

便利べんり

How could they be made more convenient?

はやおく

How could information be sent more quickly?

かんが機械きかい

With these questions in mind, he improved the machines.

かぶ値段ねだんつた機械きかい改良かいりょう

Later, in New York, he improved a machine that reported stock prices.

発明はつめい成功せいこうおおかね

This invention succeeded and earned him a large amount of money.

かね使つか自分じぶんつく

He used that money to establish his own laboratory.

1876ねんしゅうあたら研究けんきゅうじょつく

Then, in 1876, he built a new laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey.

技術ぎじゅつひとあつ

People with many different technical skills gathered there.

一人ひとりつく

Edison did not create everything by himself.

仲間なかま一緒いっしょ実験じっけん問題もんだい方法ほうほうため

He experimented with his colleagues, changing the method and trying again whenever there was a problem.

次々つぎつぎあたら発明はつめい

From this laboratory, new inventions appeared one after another.

Chapter 3

こえのこ機械きかい

1877ねん電話でんわ電信でんしん研究けんきゅうあたら

In 1877, while researching telephones and telegraphs, he came up with a new idea.

ひとこえ一度いちど

Could a person's voice be recorded and heard again later?

いま簡単かんたん音声おんせい

Today, we can easily record audio with a smartphone.

当時とうじ録音ろくおんおとふたた機械きかい

At that time, however, there was no machine that could play back recorded sound.

実験じっけんはじ

So he began experimenting.

おと記録きろくふたた再生さいせいつく

He created the phonograph, a machine that could record and play back sound.

自分じぶんこえ機械きかいはなこえ記録きろく

When he spoke toward the machine, his voice was recorded.

機械きかいうごさきこえ

When the machine was operated, the voice he had just recorded could be heard.

当時とうじ人々ひとびと不思議ふしぎ

For people at the time, this was a very mysterious experience.

発明はつめい名前なまえひろ

This invention made Edison's name widely known.

本人ほんにん蓄音ちくおんあとながあいだ改良かいりょうつず

Edison himself loved the phonograph and continued improving it for many years.

つぎおお問題もんだい

However, he soon turned his attention to the next major problem.

電気でんきひかり

That problem was electric light.

Chapter 4

よるあかるくする

19世紀せいきよるおお使つか

Near the end of the nineteenth century, gas was commonly used for lighting at night.

電気でんきひか電球でんきゅう研究けんきゅうすでほかひとおこな

Other people had already been researching electric light bulbs.

なが時間じかん使つかむずか簡単かんたん使つか

However, they could not be used for long and were not practical for ordinary homes.

目指めざながひか普通ふつう家庭かてい使つか電球でんきゅう

Edison's goal was a light bulb that would shine for a long time and could be used in ordinary homes.

重要じゅうよう電球でんきゅうなかひかほそ部分ぶぶん

A key part was the thin material that glowed inside the bulb.

研究けんきゅうしょ使つかなん実験じっけん

At the laboratory, many experiments were conducted using a wide variety of materials.

ひか材料ざいりょう

Some materials did not glow properly.

Others burned out very quickly.

実験じっけんつず

Even so, the experiments continued.

1879ねんなが時間じかん使つかつく成功せいこう

In 1879, Edison succeeded in creating an incandescent light bulb that could be used for a long time.

電球でんきゅうつく家庭かてい使つか

However, making a light bulb alone was not enough for people to use it at home.

電気でんきつくいえおく安全あんぜん使つか必要ひつよう

Equipment was also needed to generate electricity, deliver it to homes, and use it safely.

発電はつでん機械きかい電線でんせんふく仕組しくつく

So Edison developed a complete system that included generators, electrical wires, and switches.

1882ねん一部いちぶ電気でんきおくうごはじ

In 1882, a power station began supplying electricity to part of New York.

電気でんきひかりすこ人々ひとびと生活せいかつなかはい

Electric light gradually became part of people's everyday lives.

Chapter 5

日本にほんたけ電球でんきゅう

電球でんきゅうながひかなか使つか材料ざいりょう重要じゅうよう

The material used inside a light bulb was extremely important for making it shine longer.

研究けんきゅうじょ世界中せかいじゅう材料ざいりょう調しら

The laboratory examined many different materials from around the world.

なか使つかたけ

One of the materials that came to be used was bamboo.

すみたけ使つかなが時間じかんひか

Carbonized bamboo could keep a light burning for a long time.

電球でんきゅう日本にほん

This light bulb also had a connection with Japan.

京都きょうと八幡やわたたけ材料ざいりょう使つかながひか電球でんきゅう役立やくだつた

It is said that bamboo from Yawata in Kyoto was used and helped make long-lasting light bulbs practical.

八幡やわた現在げんざい

A monument to Edison still stands in Yawata today.

日本にっぽんたけ発明はつめい

Japanese bamboo and an American inventor.

とうはなふた場所ばしょ電球でんきゅうひと技術ぎじゅつ

Two distant places were connected through a single technology: the light bulb.

電球でんきゅう材料ざいりょうあたら

Later, the materials used in light bulbs changed to newer ones.

たけ使つか電球でんきゅう電気でんきひかりひろ時代じだい重要じゅうよう

However, bamboo filaments played an important role in the era when electric light was spreading.

Chapter 6

発明はつめいつづけた人生じんせい

電気でんき仕事しごと成功せいこう研究けんきゅう

Even after succeeding in the electricity business, Edison did not stop his research.

おと記録きろく技術ぎじゅつ改良かいりょううご映像えいぞうたの技術ぎじゅつ研究けんきゅう

He further improved sound-recording technology and studied technology for enjoying moving images.

現在げんざい音楽おんがく映画えいが技術ぎじゅつかか

He was involved in technologies that led to modern music and movies.

発明はつめい成功せいこう

Of course, not every invention was successful.

時間じかんかね使つか

Some inventions were never used, despite the time and money spent on them.

おも結果けっかなん

Many times, the results were not what he had expected.

実験じっけんつず

Even so, he continued experimenting.

大切たいせつ失敗しっぱい

What mattered was not allowing failure to be the end.

調しらちが方法ほうほうため

He investigated why something had failed and tried a different method.

一人ひとり研究けんきゅうおお研究けんきゅうしゃ一緒いっしょあたらつく

He also worked with many engineers and researchers instead of conducting all his research alone.

1931ねん84さい人生じんせい

In 1931, his life ended at the age of eighty-four.

電気でんきひかり録音ろくおんおと映画えいがわか技術ぎじゅつ人々ひとびと生活せいかつひろ

By then, technologies that had not existed in his youth, such as electric light, recorded sound, and movies, had spread through people's lives.

科学かがくほん少年しょうねんなが年月ねんげつ世界せかいおお発明はつめい

The boy who had read science books as a child became an inventor who greatly changed life around the world over many years.

Summary

この動画どうがのまとめ

今回こんかい人生じんせい

This time, we looked at the life of Thomas Edison.

つよ少年しょうねん鉄道てつどうはたら電信でんしん技術ぎじゅつまな

The curious boy learned telegraph technology while working on the railroad.

経験けいけん発明はつめいはじ自分じぶん研究けんきゅうじょつく

That experience led him to begin inventing and eventually establish his own laboratory.

おと記録きろく蓄音ちくおんなが使つか電球でんきゅうあたら技術ぎじゅつ

He created new technologies, including the phonograph, which recorded and played back sound, and a long-lasting light bulb.

とく電球でんきゅうひか部分ぶぶん家庭かてい電気でんきとど仕組しくかんが

With the light bulb, he considered not only the glowing element but also the system needed to deliver electricity to homes.

日本にほんたけ

There was also a connection with Japanese bamboo.

なにつく成功せいこう

Of course, not everything he created was successful.

なん実験じっけん

Even after many experiments, things sometimes did not work.

結果けっか方法ほうほう一度いちどため

Even so, he examined the results, changed his method, and tried again.

ひと成功せいこうあたら問題もんだいつず

Rather than stopping after one success, he found new problems and continued taking on challenges.

人生じんせい

Edison's life shows us this kind of attitude.

現在げんざいわたし毎日まいにち電気でんき使つか音楽おんがく映像えいぞう

Today, we use electricity, listen to music, and watch video almost every day.

いま普通ふつう生活せいかつなか100ねん以上いじょうまえおこなおお実験じっけん

Even the ordinary parts of modern life are connected to the many experiments carried out more than one hundred years ago.